Red Wine Prevents the Acute Negative Vascular Effects of Smoking.
Author: Schwarz V1, Bachelier K2, Schirmer SH2, Werner C2, Laufs U2, Böhm M2
Affiliation:
1Klinik für Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße, Homburg, Deutschland. Electronic address: viktoria.schwarz@uks.eu.
2Klinik für Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße, Homburg, Deutschland.
Conference/Journal: Am J Med.
Date published: 2016 Sep 12
Other:
Pages: S0002-9343(16)30912-3 , Special Notes: doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.025. [Epub ahead of print] , Word Count: 246
BACKGROUND: Moderate consumption of red wine is associated with fewer cardiovascular events. We investigated whether red wine consumption counteracts the adverse vascular effects of cigarette smoking.
METHODS: Participants smoked 3 cigarettes alone or after drinking a titrated volume of red wine. Clinical chemistry, blood counts, plasma cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunomagnetic separation of CD14+ monocytes for gene expression analysis, fluorescence-activated cell sorting for microparticles, and isolation of circulating mononuclear cells to measure telomerase activity were performed, and urine cotinine levels were quantified.
RESULTS: Compared with baseline, leukocytosis (P = .019), neutrophilia (P <.001), lymphopenia (P <.001), and eosinopenia (P = .008) were observed after only smoking. Endothelial and platelet-, monocyte-, and leukocyte-derived microparticles (P <.001 each) were elevated. In monocytes, messenger RNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6 (2.6- ± 0.57-fold), tumor necrosis factor alpha (2.2- ± 0.62-fold), and IL-1b (2.3- ± 0.44-fold) were upregulated, as was IL-6 (1.2 ± 0.12-fold) protein concentration in plasma. Smoking acutely inhibited mononuclear cell telomerase activity. Markers of endothelial damage, inflammation, and cellular aging were completely attenuated by red wine consumption.
CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoke results in acute endothelial damage, vascular and systemic inflammation, and indicators of the cellular aging processes in otherwise healthy nonsmokers. Pretreatment with red wine was preventive. The findings underscore the magnitude of acute damage exerted by cigarette smoking in "occasional lifestyle smokers" and demonstrate the potential of red wine as a protective strategy to avert markers of vascular injury.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS: Aging; Endothelial function; Inflammation; Smoking; Wine
PMID: 27633722 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.025
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