Increased Frequency of Skin-to-Skin Contact Is Associated with Enhanced Vagal Tone and Improved Health Outcomes in Preterm Neonates.

Author: Marvin MM1, Gardner FC1, Sarsfield KM1, Travagli RA2, Doheny KK1,2
Affiliation:
1Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
2Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Conference/Journal: Am J Perinatol.
Date published: 2018 Sep 7
Other: Special Notes: doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1669946. [Epub ahead of print] , Word Count: 209


OBJECTIVE:  An estimation of the individual's ability to cope to environmental adversity, that is, stress resiliency, can be extrapolated by measuring cardiac vagal tone, that is, high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV); indeed, higher HF-HRV is associated with health and developmental advantages for preterm neonates. Previous studies show skin-to-skin contact (SSC) improves stress resiliency; however, linkages between SSC and HF-HRV on outcomes have not been assessed. We aimed to test the hypothesis that increased SSC frequency would enhance HF-HRV, reduce neonatal morbidity, and improve developmental outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN:  Weekly electrocardiograms and clinical data were obtained from 101 preterm neonates. SSC frequency was determined from the electronic medical record.

RESULTS:  At postnatal week 1, frequency of SSC and HF-HRV were positively correlated (p =.02); further, multiple stepwise regressions showed higher HF-HRV and SSC predicted reduced days on ventilation and oxygen, and shorter hospital stay (p < 0.001). Higher HF-HRV predicted lower postmenstrual age (PMA) at discharge (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION:  Higher SSC frequency was associated with increased HF-HRV during the first postnatal week. SSC and HF-HRV uniquely predicted diminished neonatal morbidity throughout hospitalization. Additionally, HF-HRV uniquely predicted earlier PMA at discharge. Augmenting SSC early in life enhances stress resiliency and improves health outcomes.

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

PMID: 30193382 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669946

BACK