ALTERED DEFAULT MODE NETWORK (DMN) RESTING STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY FOLLOWING A MINDFULNESS-BASED EXPOSURE THERAPY FOR POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) IN COMBAT VETERANS OF AFGHANISTAN AND IRAQ.
Author: King AP1,2, Block SR1,2,3, Sripada RK2,4, Rauch S5, Giardino N2, Favorite T1,2,6, Angstadt M2, Kessler D2, Welsh R1,7, Liberzon I1,2,3.
Affiliation:
1VA Ann Arbor Health Care System, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 3Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 4VA Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource & Evaluation Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 5Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. 6Psychological Clinic, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 7Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Conference/Journal: Depress Anxiety.
Date published: 2016 Apr
Other:
Volume ID: 33 , Issue ID: 4 , Pages: 289-99 , Special Notes: doi: 10.1002/da.22481. , Word Count: 284
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that mindfulness may be an effective component for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. Mindfulness involves practice in volitional shifting of attention from "mind wandering" to present-moment attention to sensations, and cultivating acceptance. We examined potential neural correlates of mindfulness training using a novel group therapy (mindfulness-based exposure therapy (MBET)) in combat veterans with PTSD deployed to Afghanistan (OEF) and/or Iraq (OIF).
METHODS: Twenty-three male OEF/OIF combat veterans with PTSD were treated with a mindfulness-based intervention (N = 14) or an active control group therapy (present-centered group therapy (PCGT), N = 9). Pre-post therapy functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, 3 T) examined resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in default mode network (DMN) using posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) seeds, and salience network (SN) with anatomical amygdala seeds. PTSD symptoms were assessed at pre- and posttherapy with Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS).
RESULTS: Patients treated with MBET had reduced PTSD symptoms (effect size d = 0.92) but effect was not significantly different from PCGT (d = 0.46). Increased DMN rsFC (PCC seed) with dorsolateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) regions and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) regions associated with executive control was seen following MBET. A group × time interaction found MBET showed increased connectivity with DLPFC and dorsal ACC following therapy; PCC-DLPFC connectivity was correlated with improvement in PTSD avoidant and hyperarousal symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased connectivity between DMN and executive control regions following mindfulness training could underlie increased capacity for volitional shifting of attention. The increased PCC-DLPFC rsFC following MBET was related to PTSD symptom improvement, pointing to a potential therapeutic mechanism of mindfulness-based therapies.
© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
KEYWORDS: PTSD/posttraumatic stress disorder; brain imaging/neuroimaging; functional MRI; mindfulness/meditation; treatment
PMID: 27038410 [PubMed - in process]
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